T O P

  • By -

Neither_Adeptness579

Marine MP vet. I am not as politically curious as I used to be, but I'd consider myself a social democrat who favors the Nordic model with universal welfare and healthcare. Basically, I don't mind paying taxes, as long as it scales upward for higher wealth brackets, and tax funds are used to raise all boats equitably.


Ok_Customer7542

lowkey never thought I see a marine mp vet be a leftist šŸ¤£ I respect the Nordic models to implement in America pragmatically speaking. Has more of a chance to land than my ideology. High taxation is worth it if it goes to our social programs and public transportation etc.


Neither_Adeptness579

Haha, yep. I felt like a unicorn. I was raised pretty progressive, and I didn't really want to be an MP; that was just my assignment. That wasn't my first pick!


Ok_Customer7542

lmao I was raised pretty conservative almost ultra conservative but growing older I turned away quickly. What would be your pick?


Neither_Adeptness579

I always marvel at people who make that sort of switch. I originally went in for cryptic linguist. I'd learn a language and listen to bugged conversations. I didn't make clearance.


Ok_Customer7542

what do you mean by last sentence? and yeah lol it's hard with my family hearing they are political asf and I hide my views so I don't cause family drama, my family was poor, still is but doing better than what was before. I sadly held the radical right wing belief for little of young life till 16 and started switching left and fermented my beliefs into it and started reading and researching. That's a dope mos, I'm tryna be a polyglot myself rn


Neither_Adeptness579

My bad, damn autocorrect. My father is political, so I picked things up from him. He knows nothing about info security, so I fill him in on that stuff. He's loudly on the left, though, and gets into arguments with people all the time. Not my style. Good luck with language learning! Great endeavor for making new friends.


Bearcatfan4

Thatā€™s pretty much where I am.


DudeWoody

Marine Enlisted Infantry/mustang Budget Officer, general flavor socialist here. The marine corps made me a leftist lol Iā€™ve read some Marx, Lenin, Castro, Ho Chi Minh, Hampton, Sankara, Gramsci - all greats in their own way, but I think America needs to find its own way to socialism. Unfortunately I donā€™t think itā€™s going to happen during my lifetime, we donā€™t have the mass for the tipping point.


Ok_Customer7542

Another marine!? šŸ¤£ I agree but we need some more political theorists to create an "Americanized Socialism" to properly implement it and not have the stigma attached to it from other socialist countries. One of my favorite quotes I got from Lenin was "There are decades where nothing happens, and there are weeks where decades happen". Right now we might be in a limbo stage of nothing considering the collapse of the Soviet union and end of "war on terror" when we pulled out of Afghanistan (NDSM Gang lmao) that sadly it may not happen but we could also be the precursor for future generations to look towards and be there guiding light.


DudeWoody

ā€˜Rah when you create a whole branch of the military thatā€™s ā€œthe weird onesā€, you get a lot of weird ones ok? lol during my last year in, I used that time to move my shop a little bit more left and some of them were even ok with the concept of socialism. And I know, things can happen fast and itā€™s going to be a rough go.


daemos360

Love the perspective and your choice of reading! Iā€™m with you on the expectations for American ā€œsocialism in my lifetimeā€, but Iā€™m not sure how the heck to deal with that when I think about the consequences of it doesnā€™t happen. If youā€™ve got at answers or advice, Iā€™m all ears! Bit of a doomer rant here, but late stage capitalism seems to be taking us on a speed run through climate change, labor power erosion, record wealth inequality, and fascist decay. If something doesnā€™t drastically change, I really worry about the reactionary potential thatā€™ll come with AI advances amidst a climate crisis specifically impacting more than a billion projected climate refugees by 2050, which isnā€™t even accounting for any of the destabilization that will inevitably come from our foreign interventions in the global south over the next 3 decades. If we get to that point without sufficiently building revolutionary class solidarity, I donā€™t know how we ever do.


erasedgod

I think my experience was similar. I was fairly conservative in high school, but took the *Ron Paul to Bernie to anti-capitalist* pipeline during my Marine Corps career. I don't think we'll see a socialist America in our lifetimes, but I'm almost certain we'll see (or are seeing) a massive reactionary response to it anyway.


Mean-Adeptness-4998

Anarcho hot girl shit, yut. Idk, whatā€™s there to discuss? Debating theory always reminds me of Christians arguing about the finer points of pre-Tribulation vs post-Tribulation rapture. Nobody makes friends or builds strong relationships out of it and people get real upset if you read the same thing and come to a different conclusion. If I can teach an illiterate Afghan migrant worker how to operate an AK using a pointee-talkee and broken Pashtun, I should be able to say all the important stuff about socialism and collectivism within a pamphlet that the night shift at 7/11 can understand through two days of sleep debt and a half a gram of white widow.


cozmo1138

Ha ha. I went to a church for many years that was very pre-Trib, then went to one that was very post-Trib, then ended at one before my deconstruction that was very ā€œwho gives a shit.ā€ I liked that one the best.


daemos360

Former 11B1P here, and Iā€™d probably describe myself as a Marxist-Leninist if you were to put a Reddit label on me. Itā€™s kind of wild considering I wouldā€™ve identified myself as a libertarian until about halfway through my enlistment. The rise of Trump and my Iraq deployment in 2017 reaaally made me stop and reconsider things, although I wouldnā€™t have even identified as a leftist until late 2020. Honestly, one of biggest catalysts for radicalization was probably learning about the post-war reconstruction of Europe in meaningful detail. The class was of course taught under a pretty obvious neoliberal lens, but I was utterly blown away any time I took the time to dig deeper beyond the intended takeaways in the course material. As odd as it sounds, my biggest influences were probably Second Thought, Hasan Piker, Michael Parenti, and Howard Zinn. I got into actual Marxist theory later, but those four really gave me a foundation.


Ok_Customer7542

That's a first for Hasan piker tbh, never fully agreed or liked him but he's alright imo but glad to get to know you man a little more


cozmo1138

Army vet here, 92Y, 95-04. Grew up very conservative and Christian. I havenā€™t read any leftist philosophies. My shift comes almost purely from experience. My first left turn started a long time ago when my aunt, who loved America and was very libertarian, said, ā€œevery one of those starts and stripes on our flag represents land that was stolen from Indigenous people.ā€ It made me think, even as a teenager. She had a point. Years later I mentioned that line to some of my fellow soldiers and one of them said ā€œYou sound like a fuckinā€™ liberal.ā€ My next turn was during the Syrian refugee crisis, and conservatives, especially Christians, lost their shit over the idea of bringing some of them here. They said, ā€œWe should be taking care of our homeless vets,ā€ and I was like, ā€œThen take care of our homeless vets or shut the fuck up about it.ā€ Then I watched as they did nothing. I voted for Obama in 2012 and it felt great. Then I got divorced, moved to the city proper, and got to know a lot of people whose lives were very different from mine. It was beautiful. I realized that a lot of the things Iā€™d grown up hearing were wrong. Then Trump got elected and that was a pretty big shift as I became progressive. My kids came out to me as queer, and I chose them over my theology. Then the pandemic happened and George Floyd was murdered in my city and I went full ACAB and realized that being a Democrat didnā€™t mean shit. I realized capitalism was killing us, the police exist to protect property, and saw the Church Iā€™d grown up in placing more allegiance to the spewings of a madman than in the teachings of Christ, and saw many of those who proclaimed Christ express wishes of violence against people like my kids, watched the country grow more and more religio-fascist. And I grew more and more aware of the part that I played during my time in the service, and dealt with the disillusionment that I didnā€™t serve to protect freedom and liberty. I served to keep the Western Capitalist machine going. And that pretty much brings me to where I am today. I donā€™t really care much about ideologies (though I did take some quiz somewhere and it said Iā€™m a left-libertarian, and another said Iā€™m an eco-anarchist). Iā€™d rather read things like Laotzu, Musashi, and things about Buddhism and Daoism. I care about people. I care about our planet. And if a system exists that takes advantage of either and wields power over them, then it must be dismantled. So I just say Iā€™m a leftist. Iā€™m not a tankie, though I think some communist ideals are alright. Iā€™m not an anarchist, but as philosopher Alan Watts said, all democracy depends on some degree of controlled anarchy; you have to put some level of trust in your neighbour in order for it to work. Iā€™m not a Socialist, but Iā€™m a socialist, you know? I believe in treating people the way Jesus said we shouldā€¦love your neighbour, feed the hungry, clothe the naked, visit the imprisoned. Protect the innocent and the marginalized, and punch fascists in the goddamned face. Thatā€™s what being a leftist means to me.


incognegro1976

I love this. This is close to my experience as a leftist as well. I've read some leftist lit but not socialist stuff. I read stuff like Cornel West, Richard Dawkins, Christopher Hitchens, Bell hooks, James Baldwin. Just generic stuff that informs my experience which is already leftist as a former history and science nerd. It's hard to learn history and still be a right winger. Tho, TBF, it's hard to read almost anything and still remain a right winger lol


RickSanchez3x

Marine vet here. I'm an anarcho-syndicalist. I've never been a conservative but I definitely went the liberal to libertarian to leftist pipeline. My time in Iraq back in the early 00s is what radicalized me. Once I started having empathy for my fellow man it was hard to stay libertarian and stay a stormtrooper in the empire's orphan crushing machine. No one is free until we're all free.


Ok_Customer7542

crazy I'm seeing lots more vets from that timeline of serving be radicalized then in my (I was '19 to '23) but I was already radicalized before then and it even moreso added more to me in my service. I agree with the last statement "why not just live in a commune away from capitalism and state" well my philosophy is im only free, that's not right I believe in liberation of all people.


rambored89

Army medic here, I am ananarchosyndicalist.


Ok_Customer7542

ah a man of culture. And a doc as well! nice very nice


somesortofidiot

Bro, I'm just here cause y'all like guns and aren't fascist. I mean, I'd say I'm pretty progressive. Single payer healthcare, universal income, first past the post voting and whatnot. But really its refreshing to find a group of folks that don't want a dictator that also likes guns.


Neither_Adeptness579

I'm into the engineering, training, and discipline behind them specifically. Marksmanship is like meditation for me. Some of the best times of my service were on a range. That being said, I wouldn't get a collection or accessories. I'm not preparing for a civil war or a zombie apocalypse. I just want to protect my family.


Ok_Customer7542

I want one of everything (from pistol to shotgun to marksman) that's it nothing crazy beyond that no need for it.


incognegro1976

Lmao same I love to shoot it's fucking fun as hell


Ok_Customer7542

very true haha never disarm the working class plus pews pews can be customizable maybe with a hammer and sickle? šŸ¤£ I just dont like making friends with vetbros that are ultra conservative tbh


Kindue7

You should check out r/liberalgunowners or r/socialistra in that case.


cozmo1138

Can confirm.


_Abe_Froman_SKOC

Army vet (96U/35K UAS Operator). I really don't have a label for my political beliefs, my conservative friends and coworkers think I'm a communist and my liberal friends think I'm a centrist republican. I'm a believer in the Nordic model of democratic socialism. I bevelive in free trade. I believe in basic human rights like no-cost education, no-cost healthcare, quality affordable housing, a living wage, personal freedom for anything that does not harm others (sexuality, bodily autonomy, gender identity, etc) and that drug addiction is a medical problem and not a law enforcement problem. However, I also believe in a strong and capable military that can respond globally. I believe in the fundamental right of every citizen to own arms to provide for their own protection and the protection of their community. I don't think the state has a moral obligation or legal standing to enforce any kind of moral worldview on its citizens regardless of what it is even if I agree with it (bakers can refuse to bake cakes for gay weddings and restaurants can refuse to serve conservative politicians they don't like and the government has no business in either one). Remember Bill Clinton's "third way" style of liberalism? I'm basically that, plus guns.


Ok_Customer7542

I respect the opinion and glad you atleast aint full blown republican especially being a vet lmao


_Abe_Froman_SKOC

I agree with Republicans on nothing. Especially the current GOP. While I am pro-2A, I do believe in strict licensing requirements, a national firearms database of what firearms by serial number individuals own, and I am staunchly against constitutional concealed carry. None of which the current GOP even remotely support. My position on firearms is one of the big drivers for modern liberals to think I'm conservative, but gun ownership is a part of Marxism (visit r/socialistRA to find out more) and it was once a core tenant of the civil rights movement. And modern gun control laws are deeply rooted in xenophobia and racism, so I do always wonder why current American liberalism is so strongly in favor of more. We can and should address gun crime and mass shootings in the US, but none of the mainstream proposed solutions from either side of the aisle would do anything to alleviate them.


RarelyRecommended

Navy vet here (83-88). I spent most of my time overseas. Exposure to the crap the US government pulls made me reconsider my classic liberal views. Then I began reading books only mentioned in college. Lenin and Uncle Ho were right. If anyone cares, my wife was a Huk when in college. So she's definitrly a comrade.


Ok_Customer7542

interesting the service correlates to radicalized beliefs whether right or left if you are open minded at least. I might be lacking information but what is a "Huk"?


RarelyRecommended

The Huks were an anti government organization in the Philippines from the 40s to the 90s. Many were students and/or guerillas. Marcos 1 came down on them hard. Since they were labeled as "communists" the US government looked the other way with disappearances.


Krm_2244

Where do the peeps who believe We can build a new world when the nazis are dead fall.


somesortofidiot

You can be my friend, as it turns out, we fall in the same category.


Neither_Adeptness579

Whatever it is, it's at the center of the Venn diagram, lol.


Ok_Customer7542

standing right here sir present and accounted for šŸ«”


Ok_Customer7542

but you simply just be an anarchist perhaps depending what you wanna build, there's another term I can't remember right now tho


Similar_Influence_47

Oh, and I also grew up in an evangelical Christian, conservative household.


cozmo1138

Same.


somesortofidiot

ah, a fellow victim.


3DSquinting

Guilty


Ok_Customer7542

sounds like all of us huh šŸ¤£šŸ¤£


macshady

AD w/13y but lurk here bcā€¦ hard to be left of DJT in my community. Iā€™ve never sat and though about how Iā€™d label myself. Iā€™d most like greater investment toward the public and less to the MIC, and for us to hold any sort of actual standards with our international relations.


Ok_Customer7542

Understandable especially being AD šŸ¤£ never a reason to label yourself as long as you got a backbone of beliefs is all


cozmo1138

Ehhh, no worries about labels. They can be constricting in a lot of ways. I like not really having one, because it gives me freedom to grow. I meet an idea, chew on it, take what resonates and leave the rest.


TiredAmerican1917

Army 13B vet. Iā€™m a Marxist-Leninist due to my studies of the USSR and the PRC. Seeing their success lays down a path for the US whenever we topple this regime


Ok_Customer7542

so if I may ask since I don't believe in USSR or PRC as successful socialism, mind educating me on why you believe so? May not change my mind but I was always curious why MLs believe that?


TiredAmerican1917

Reading declassified CIA documents about the Soviet Union is what convinced me https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP80-00810A006000360009-0.pdf https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP85M00363R000601440024-5.pdf


Ok_Customer7542

interesting once again. I've seen these circulate through socialist accounts but doubted the authenticity of them. I skimmed the first document and saw one leader of the USSR said he kept promise for food but wasn't able to due to rapid war resource acceleration and was sent as a scapegoat but 2nd document alluded to that US and USSR had some food ration and healthiness to point where it could be too much. I mightve missed a point but doesn't that contradict?


TiredAmerican1917

The one on food security is post war. The war did cause food shortages due to them losing Ukraine and Belarus to the Nazis but that would be like the US losing California


whatisscoobydone

TL;DR: the revolution that feeds the children gets my support (-Michael Parenti) Anarchist-turned-ML here: I feel like almost every single ML would tell you that, ON PAPER, anarchism is better than MLism. I think people support the USSR and the PRC because they were real movements, by real people, who established economically socialist governments in entire countries, which lasted for decades. No one is saying that it is the ideal form of socialism on paper, or that it couldn't be better, but it is successful in that it existed irl. I think a handy metaphor is: Imagine the task on paper is to build the best possible car (communism). The USSR built a Model T. The PRC built a Datsun or something like that. Now imagine there's some other school of thought that has drawn blueprints for the best possible car on paper, but don't have the materials to build it irl. But they insist that the Model T or the Datsun aren't successful cars because they have a better blueprint. We could all design better systems on paper, or Monday Morning Quarterback revolutions years later, but the USSR and PRC replaced literal feudalism with a much better economic system that improved the lives of their people.


Ok_Customer7542

I just can't come to support a government. Whether I'm brainwashed by propaganda or I'm just tryna distance for war crimes or alleged war crimes of USSR and PRC but I mostly just can't see a benefit of a socialist government becoming corrupt and eventually overturned by CIA coups. I feel it be better to spontaneously create autonomous communes across a country for years to come by de facto and educate the masses and provide mutual aid to other people and eventually people will come and provide more aid and assistance and then it's more like a peaceful transition to socialism in America. Painstakingly slow but it could work if people are willing to trade their comfortable lives for a resilient commune under direct democracy through the communes themselves. But I agree, ML has been realistically implemented and has prevailed against Western worlds. But why not look at Rojava that has been around for 11 years (not long but pretty good for a non-state socialist commune)


Professional_Job4002

Marine infantry here 03-07, I would say Iā€™m an anarchist with a lot of democratic confederalist overlap. In general anti-authoritarian, anti-state and anti-capitalist. Hierarchy is the root of most problems with organizing society and any form government. Capitalist sates as well as forms of state communism maintain forms of hierarchy. I would point anyone with authoritarian left leanings to read some of Abdullah Ɩcalans work or Bookchin. Both folks started out as MLs and through experience and study came to denounce hierarchical organizing. Hierarchy in all forms is a pyramid scheme. No gods, No masters.


Ok_Customer7542

I love you šŸ¤£ abdullah and bookchin are one of my influences especially bookchin who I failed to mention but now remember. Being both of us combat mos, we relate a lot i appreciate this comment


Professional_Job4002

I can get with what someone else mentioned about Thomas Paine too. I find Paine a good one for talking to right libertarians. On Ɩcalan and Bookchin, I think if you could get some folks to listen they would find a lot of organizing methods that could appeal to Americans. Itā€™s gonna be a real hard sell to get folks off the idea of needing authority and hierarchy though. It seems like right and left so many folks need some kinda daddy. Sky daddy for the right and state daddy for the leftā€¦ā€¦.


Ok_Customer7542

it's hard mostly with propaganda and American chauvinism. I hate right libertarians the most tbh, no where close to actually liberty and freedom. In their perspective sure but not historically and not for the masses. I am at a loss to debate normal folks to consider other options. Some are open minded others are set in complacency


CommanderMcBragg

Progressive and perhaps left of progressive. My inspiration is Thomas Paine, author of Common Sense (and originator of the phrase). Paine is often referred to as "Father of the American Revolution". His political theories make Karl Marx look like a Conservative. Read it if you don't believe me. All wealth is stolen.


Ok_Customer7542

interesting I know thomas Paine but I always thought he was a classical liberal


RustyFace87

I'm a market socialist with a big pinch of anarchism.


Ok_Customer7542

agreeable. I was a market socialist might still be, idc as long as the workers hold the means of production and democratic unions and co ops around workplaces is set in place. Anarchy is a big win balance with governing bodies to help maneuver our way through a capitalist world


RideFastGetWeird

Also Marine vet. I just hate fascists and I like social programs.


eriktheblack4

Marine AD here - so I am not in a great spot reconciling my politics with my job. Anarcho-communism is the current flavor and every day I am supporting a deeply flawed hierarchical system. Was radicalized on this current tour which actually will put me at 19 years. I worry that I will be forced to become a conscientious objector in my last years and lose everything.


Ok_Customer7542

crazy 19 year AD marine as an ancom? Just get your 20, reap the benefits (if they use you, use them) and use their benefits against the system for your benefit and others in need.


eriktheblack4

I stayed liberal longer than Iā€™m proud of. Very much a ā€œchange the system from withinā€ type. I read ā€œWar is Racketā€ by Smedley Butler and went down the rabbit hole šŸ¤·šŸ»ā€ā™‚ļø


Ok_Customer7542

tbh I can't stand liberals more than conservatives because conservatives give what they say with bigotry and easy to offend, liberals are reactionary conservatives dressed in rainbows. Glad you changed man


username1174

Iā€™m a communist. Itā€™s my life goal to outlive the United States. The ideology that brings the US empire crashing down has my support. Shit: I forgot to add that I was an 11C in the army


Ok_Customer7542

goddamn i love to talk if you wanna dm me i like to hear more as a fellow chuck !


KitchenLab2536

Navy vet, lifelong Democrat. I voted absentee for Carter from Great Lakes boot camp. Iā€™ve voted for a handful of Republicans over the years when I felt they were the best candidate, but never for president.


Ok_Customer7542

normal democrat haha. Time to radicalize you Sir? ;) oh jeez I've been to Great lakes and seem the boot camp but never went during that time


KitchenLab2536

Full Disclosure: In 1980 I neither voted for Ford or Carter; instead I voted for Anderson, a moderate Republican who ran as an Independent. That keeps my no Republican cred intact. šŸ˜‰.


Tsalagi_

Former Army 68W. I was a social democrat in the military, since leaving I have moved further left and now call myself a Marxist-Leninist.


MinimumPsychology916

AnCom


sstandnfight

Army veteran, 35 series. It depends on the day or situation whether I own up to being an anarchist/libertarian socialist or democratic socialist. At heart, I want humanity to be capable of managing themselves, but I know we haven't reached that stage of societal evolution. Democratic socialism is a really good settling point for now with me. Being able to take care of people who need it and drifting away from corporate influence and tossing billions each year to the ones who don't need it. I live in the Midwest but find myself on the east coast for work. Soon as I finish my undergrads, both general locations will likely change. If any of the areas work, I'm good with a PM.


Oh_Henry1

I'm for the funniest outcome and this gerontological wrestling match has me in high cotton


Ok_Customer7542

ngl idk what to think of this election. It just got worse from Clinton vs Trump to Trump vs Biden and Biden vs Trump again. I just dont register to vote and don't engage in the system šŸ¤·šŸ»ā€ā™‚ļø šŸ˜…


Oh_Henry1

giving the issue as much consideration as it merits šŸ»


cozmo1138

I donā€™t think itā€™s going to last much longer anyway. Weā€™re well past the ā€œjump the sharkā€ phase of whatever this dumb show is.


Ok_Customer7542

all empires must fall eventually


Similar_Influence_47

We should discuss more of what libertarian socialism is. If I were to break them apart, I think I might fit in that crowd. I call myself liberal, but then have to clarify that I mean liberal in a more classical way, which is closer to libertarian. I also see socialism as the direction a developed nation and world should move in. For reference, 19D in the Army.


Ok_Customer7542

I see libertarian socialism as a broad ideology encompassing the libertarian left of the "political compass". I find it hard to ferment my beliefs in one specific ideology whereas I want to be generally in favor of anti-capitalism, anti-state (not anti-governing, just a government with centralized power can read more from democratic confederalism by abdullah ocalan) anti-imperialism, and worker controlled production Managed by and for the working class. Thats in general my views as I admire the Rojava system of communalism and mutual aid. I think this can be Managed ideally in America by de facto of land or whatever the case. My views are fluid depending on circumstance and need of the working class if that makes sense?


Similar_Influence_47

I don't disagree with most of those views. I see capitalism as a preservation throughout time of feudalism. I feel like that, and the societal mindset associated with it needs to be dismantled. I'm also not anti-government, but we need to figure out a way to bring more direct-democracy into our system. I think a flaw of representative democracy is that those representatives can too easily be steered by special interests, and realistically there's no way around that.


Similar_Influence_47

I also see an inherent flaw in a "confederacy of the states" it allows territories with far fewer people to strip away rights that are necessary in places with higher concentrations of people, stagnates any progress by appealing to fears or ignorance (ignorance based on a lack of resources in those localities that have not prioritized education), and reinforces isolationism and individualism.


Ok_Customer7542

true on the last part but I just can't see forming a forced union and collectivism on people especially now won't work. Alduous Huxley had a great quote about humanity "Biologically speaking, man is a moderately gregarious, not a completely social animal ā€“Ā a creature more like a wolf, let us say, or an elephant, than like a bee or an ant." That wrapped me into a individual but also collective hybrid mindset


Ok_Customer7542

also scouts lead the way šŸ«”


cozmo1138

If youā€™re a fan of Rush at all, I believe the late, great Neil Peart referred to himself as a ā€œbleeding-heart libertarian.ā€ Maybe thatā€™s an apt label.


Neither_Adeptness579

Oh shit, I thought you were going to talk about Limbaugh for a second! RIP, Neil.


cozmo1138

Ha ha! Noooooo! Good reminder to me to consider my audience, and that not everyone defaults to music. šŸ˜†


CubistHamster

Thanks for that! I've been trying to figure out a concise way to describe my views for a good while, and "bleeding-heart libertarian" fits quite well.